What is the main function of an accelerometer in aviation?

The primary function of an accelerometer in aviation is to measure acceleration. This device is essential for determining how quickly an aircraft's velocity is changing. In the context of flight, acceleration can come from various maneuvers, such as climbing, descending, or turning, and understanding these changes is crucial for pilots to maintain control of the aircraft and to execute maneuvers safely.

By measuring acceleration, the accelerometer provides vital data that can be used in navigation systems and for flight instrumentation, aiding pilots in gauging their aircraft's performance. This information helps with situational awareness, particularly in instrument flying, where visual references may be limited.

Other functions like measuring altitude would be the domain of altimeters, while measuring speed is typically handled by airspeed indicators. Similarly, heading measurements would rely on magnetic compasses or heading indicators. Thus, the accelerometer's specific purpose of measuring acceleration distinctly supports flight control and navigation in ways that these other instruments do not.